What is antenna and how does it work?

Do you know what is this antenna? How does this antenna work and what does it do for us? If there is no answer to all the questions, then you should definitely read this article Antenna. There will be many of us who must have heard about the antenna, many must have seen that because some years ago we often had TV antenna installed on the roof for TV in all our houses and sometimes if due to wind Do not ask if that antenna rotates, one had to get very upset, where one man used to watch TV below, while the other goes up and straightens it. What were those days really.

There has been a huge difference between that time and now. Current antenna satellites work on Tv whose data reception is directly from satellite. Antenna is primarily designed to receive signals. When a broadcasting station broadcasts any messages, then with the help of an antenna, those signals can be seen on Television. To understand the entire technology and to know about Antenna and its type, you will have to read this article completely. Often students are unable to find the right sources to understand the basics of antenna, so today I thought that why do you know what antenna is in Hindi and how it works in Hindi, so that you can understand the rest of the technology. Ho. Let's start without delay.

Antenna is a type of device that is used to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves are often known as radio waves. Most antennas are resonant devices, which operate efficiently in a very narrow frequency band. For an antenna to operate properly, it has to tune (match) with the frequency band of the same radion system with which it is connected, if it does not happen then both reception and transmission interrupts will be received.

Antenna is used to radiate electromagnetic energy efficiently and that too only in the desired directions. Antennas behave like matching systems between souces of electromagnetic energy and space. The main objective of these antennas is how to always optimize this matching.

Let us know briefly about some basic properties of antenna:
1- Field intensity is for all directions (according to antenna pattern).

2- The total power that is radiate when the antenna is excited by a current or voltage is called intensity.

3- How much power radiate and the ratio of total power is called Radiation efficiency.

4- Antenna's input impedance is always for maximum power transfer (matching).

5- Antenna's bandwidth or range of frequencies on which all these properties depend is almost constant.

All antennas are used to receive or radiate energy.

History of antenna
By the way, the history of Antenna is very old. Let us know something in this context. The first experiment was done by Faraday in 1830 in which he did coupling of electricity and magnetism and in which he showed that they both have a definitive relationship. For this, he slid a magnet on the sides of the coil of wire which was attached to the galvanometer. When he moved the magnet, he found that a time varying magnetic field is generated and also from Maxwell equations it was found that time varying electric field is also generated. The coil acts as a loop antenna and receives the electromagnetic radiation, which is detected by a galvanometer - it is entirely the work of an antenna.

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The interesting thing in this is that till that time nobody knew about electromagnetic waves.

Heinrich Hertz developed a wireless communication system in which he forced an electrical spark to occur between the gap of the dipole antenna. He used a loop antenna as a receiver and followed the disturbance in the same way. This thing happened in 1886. In 1901, Marconi sent across information of atlantic. He attached a lot of vertical wires to the ground on the basis of a transmitting antenna.

In 1906, Columbia University built one such Experimental Wireless Station where they used a transmitting aerial cage. This cage was also made of wires and was suspended in the air.

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