What is data and its types?

What is data? Why are you not from any background, all of us must have used the word data at some point. But despite this, many times this question arises in our mind that what is this data in the end, and why is this data considered more important in all places. If you also want to know about the true meaning of data, then you have tried to explain what this article is about data and what are its types such as all the information which is associated with the data.

By the way, data is not just a term related to a computer, but data is called plain facts. The word 'data' is plural of 'datum'. This data can be anything like population of a country, number of patients in hospitals, fixing of a school etc. All these things are not organized or structured in their natural form, so they cannot be used much.

Similarly, if the same data is processed, organized, structured and presented in a particular context to make them useful, then it is called Information. This was just a simple definition of data and information, to know in full details what is this article data? You will have to read it completely, so that you will get complete information about the data, its type and their usage. So without delay, let's start and try to know what the data is in Hindi.

We can say data in such a way that it is a representation of facts, concepts, or instructions in a formalized manner, which is suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by human or electronic machine.

We can represent data with the help of characters such as alphabets (A-Z, a-z), digits (0-9) or any special characters (+, -, /, *, <,>, =) etc. This data can be any character, text, numbers, pictures, sound, or even video. At the same time, if the data is not inserted in any context, then it does not work, whether it is for a human or a computer.

Data is of no use in its raw form. But when we process and interpret the same data, then the correct meaning of them comes out, and which are very useful for us. These processed data are also called information.

Analog vs. Digital data
There are two general ways of representing data: analog and digital. Analog data are often continuous - they are 'analogous' to the actual facts that they represent. Digital data is very discrete and broken up into limited number of elements. For example, nature is analog, whereas computers are digital.

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Our natural world is often continuous in nature. For example, you can see the colors of the rainbow. In this, the rainbow is continuous and provides shades of infinite number. Whereas in computer systems, they are continuous but finite. All the data that you store in binary digits, there is a limit in how much data can be represented.

Types of Data
Computer systems work with different types of digital data. In the earlier days of computing, data primarily used to be text and numbers only; But at the same time, when talking about modern day computing, there are many types of multimedia data, such as audio, images, graphics and video. But ultimately, all data types are stored according to binary digits only.

For each data type, there are some very specific techniques to convert them into computers between binary language and how we interpret them with our senses, such as sight and sound.

What is database
We cannot speak much about data without naming the database. Yes, a database is an organized collection of data. Instead of putting the data in random order in such a list, a structure is provided to them with the help of a database, to organize those data.

A very common data structures is database table. This table mainly consists of rows and columns. Each row is typically called a record, while each column is typically called a field.

What is information?
Information is a type of data that has been fully processed in such a way that it would be very meaningful for the person who receives it. It can be anything that can be communicated.

Where data is called raw facts, while information processed data is called. For example, subject marks, roll number, age, rank etc. of students of a class can be called data. At the same time, if you are asked to bring the marks of maths of the best 5 students out of those students, then you must first categorize all the data of those students and then by processing it you can provide the requested data. Here, the data you get on the basis of results is called information.

Information is very organized and classified data,There are some meaningful values for the receiver. Information is a type of processed data on which decisions and actions are based.

To make decision meaningful, processed data must qualify some characteristics, which are

Timely - Information should always be available when they are needed.
Accuracy - Information should always be accurate.
Completeness - Information should always be complete.
If a processed data has all these characteristics then they are actually called information.

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